{"id":3839,"date":"2026-05-07T21:42:57","date_gmt":"2026-05-07T19:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/?post_type=training&#038;p=3839"},"modified":"2026-05-07T21:46:12","modified_gmt":"2026-05-07T19:46:12","slug":"3839","status":"publish","type":"training","link":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/training\/3839","title":{"rendered":"Introduction des primipares"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><strong>Glissades \u2013 conflits \u2013 blessures \u2013 boiteries \u2013 stress d\u2019adaptation<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>1. Risque principal<\/h2>\n<p>La primipare d\u00e9couvre simultan\u00e9ment : <strong>lactation, traite\/robot, logettes, ration VL, b\u00e9ton, hi\u00e9rarchie sociale et forte comp\u00e9tition<\/strong>. Elle est plus petite, domin\u00e9e, moins rapide \u00e0 manger et plus sensible au stress social. L\u2019introduction brutale augmente le risque de coups, glissades, temps debout excessif, sous-ingestion, boiterie, mammite et baisse de production. Les recommandations r\u00e9centes AHDB conseillent notamment l\u2019introduction en p\u00e9riode calme, par petits groupes, et id\u00e9alement un lot primipares pendant les premiers mois de lactation. (<a title=\"Successful heifer transition into the milking herd - AHDB\" href=\"https:\/\/ahdb.org.uk\/news\/successful-heifer-transition-into-the-milking-herd?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ahdb.org.uk<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>2. Objectif Rumexperts<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Faire entrer la primipare dans le syst\u00e8me VL avant qu\u2019elle soit en lactation compl\u00e8te.<\/strong><br \/>\nOn \u00e9vite ainsi de cumuler : v\u00ealage + douleur + apprentissage + comp\u00e9tition +\u00a0changement alimentaire.<\/p>\n<p>Objectifs pratiques :<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Point critique<\/th>\n<th>Objectif terrain<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Introduction<\/td>\n<td>Jamais seule, id\u00e9alement par 2 \u00e0 5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Moment<\/td>\n<td>Apr\u00e8s-midi \/ soir\u00e9e, p\u00e9riode calme<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Logement<\/td>\n<td>Pas de cul-de-sac, sol sec, antid\u00e9rapant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Couchage<\/td>\n<td>\u2265 1 logette\/VL, mieux 105\u2013110 % pour primipares<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Alimentation<\/td>\n<td>Acc\u00e8s sans comp\u00e9tition, ration repouss\u00e9e souvent<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eau<\/td>\n<td>2 points d\u2019eau minimum par lot, acc\u00e8s sans blocage<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Suivi<\/td>\n<td>Observation quotidienne 10\u201315 jours<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>3. Mesures pr\u00e9ventives prioritaires<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/training\/3839\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3844\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload  wp-image-3844 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"374\" height=\"748\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27374%27%20height%3D%27748%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20374%20748%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27374%27%20height%3D%27748%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage-150x300.png 150w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage-200x400.png 200w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage-400x800.png 400w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_1_entrainer_avant_velage.png 512w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3>A. Avant v\u00ealage : entra\u00eener les g\u00e9nisses<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c0 faire <strong>2 \u00e0 4 semaines avant v\u00ealage<\/strong> :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Passage en salle de traite \/ robot \/ aire d\u2019attente.<\/li>\n<li>Passage dans les couloirs, cornadis, barri\u00e8res de tri.<\/li>\n<li>Apprentissage des logettes.<\/li>\n<li>Contact avec b\u00e9ton non glissant.<\/li>\n<li>Manipulation calme de la mamelle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le logement des g\u00e9nisses quelques semaines dans des logettes avant v\u00ealage r\u00e9duit le refus de couchage et diminue un stress post-partum important ; les sources bovines classiques d\u00e9crivent aussi un lien entre changement d\u2019environnement, regroupement social, alimentation et laminites pr\u00e9coces chez les primipares .<\/p>\n<h3>B. Apr\u00e8s v\u00ealage : stabiliser avant d\u2019int\u00e9grer<\/h3>\n<p>Ne pas mettre une primipare fra\u00eeche v\u00eal\u00e9e directement dans le grand lot VL si possible.<\/p>\n<p>Protocole conseill\u00e9 :<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>J0\u2013J3\/J5 : lot frais calme<\/strong>, paill\u00e9 ou logettes confortables.<\/li>\n<li>Contr\u00f4ler : app\u00e9tit, temp\u00e9rature si doute, mamelle, d\u00e9livrance, boiterie, \u00e9tat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/li>\n<li>Introduction ensuite <strong>en fin de journ\u00e9e<\/strong>, jamais seule.<\/li>\n<li>Si grand troupeau : lot primipares id\u00e9alement jusqu\u2019au pic de lactation ou au moins 6 semaines.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>AHDB recommande le lot primipares jusqu\u2019\u00e0 environ 4 mois pour limiter conflit dominance, comp\u00e9tition alimentaire et stress. (<a title=\"Successful heifer transition into the milking herd - AHDB\" href=\"https:\/\/ahdb.org.uk\/news\/successful-heifer-transition-into-the-milking-herd?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ahdb.org.uk<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h2>4. B\u00e2timent : points \u00e0 auditer<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/training\/3839\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3842\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload alignright wp-image-3842\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"369\" height=\"738\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27369%27%20height%3D%27738%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20369%20738%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27369%27%20height%3D%27738%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement-150x300.png 150w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement-200x400.png 200w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement-400x800.png 400w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_2_introduire_calmement.png 512w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><\/a><\/h2>\n<h3>Sols<\/h3>\n<p>Risque \u00e9lev\u00e9 si :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>b\u00e9ton poli ;<\/li>\n<li>virages serr\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>pente humide ;<\/li>\n<li>attente traite\/robot longue ;<\/li>\n<li>transitions b\u00e9ton\u2013caillebotis\u2013tapis ;<\/li>\n<li>zone d\u2019abreuvoir glissante.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Actions :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>rainurage ou resurfa\u00e7age ;<\/li>\n<li>tapis dans zones de freinage, robot, salle d\u2019attente, sortie traite ;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9viter les flaques et bouses liquides ;<\/li>\n<li>raclage fr\u00e9quent ;<\/li>\n<li>lumi\u00e8re suffisante dans les zones de passage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les revues r\u00e9centes sur boiteries et l\u00e9sions indiquent que logement, surfaces de marche, propret\u00e9 et temps debout sont des facteurs majeurs de pr\u00e9vention. (<a title=\"Invited review: Prevalence, risk factors, treatment, and barriers to ...\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0022030223012055?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ScienceDirect<\/a>)<\/p>\n<h3>Circulation<\/h3>\n<p>\u00c0 v\u00e9rifier :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pas de cul-de-sac ;<\/li>\n<li>largeur suffisante aux passages ;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9chappatoires autour des abreuvoirs ;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9viter qu\u2019une dominante puisse bloquer l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau, ration ou logettes ;<\/li>\n<li>barri\u00e8res faciles \u00e0 comprendre, sans angle mort.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. Conflits sociaux : r\u00e8gle de gestion<\/h2>\n<p>Les conflits sont normaux, mais deviennent pathog\u00e8nes si la primipare <strong>ne peut pas fuir, manger, boire ou se coucher<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Mesures simples :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>introduire par petits groupes ;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9viter m\u00e9lange avec vaches boiteuses agressives ou dominantes ;<\/li>\n<li>ne pas introduire apr\u00e8s la traite du matin si la comp\u00e9tition alimentaire est maximale ;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9viter plusieurs changements de lot dans les 30 premiers jours ;<\/li>\n<li>surveiller les primipares en queue de troupeau, refus de logette, attente \u00e0 l\u2019eau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les travaux r\u00e9cents sur l\u2019environnement social des vaches laiti\u00e8res montrent que le m\u00e9lange et l\u2019instabilit\u00e9 sociale peuvent d\u00e9grader sant\u00e9, bien-\u00eatre et production, surtout quand la densit\u00e9 augmente. (<a title=\"Social interactions of dairy cows and their association with milk yield ...\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0168159124002338?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ScienceDirect<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/training\/3839\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3840\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"lazyload wp-image-3840 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite.png\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"808\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27404%27%20height%3D%27808%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20404%20808%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27404%27%20height%3D%27808%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite-150x300.png 150w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite-200x400.png 200w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite-400x800.png 400w, https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/rumexperts_visuel_3_surveiller_agir_vite.png 512w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><\/a>6. Indicateurs d\u2019alerte<\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Intervenir si, dans les 15 jours post-introduction :<\/li>\n<li>primipare couch\u00e9e hors logette ;<\/li>\n<li>passe peu au robot \/ retard de traite ;<\/li>\n<li>ingestion faible ;<\/li>\n<li>perte d\u2019\u00e9tat rapide ;<\/li>\n<li>jarrets gonfl\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>trayons bless\u00e9s ;<\/li>\n<li>boiterie nouvelle ;<\/li>\n<li>animal isol\u00e9 ou bloqu\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n<li>baisse brutale de lait ;<\/li>\n<li>mamelle tr\u00e8s \u0153d\u00e9mati\u00e9e ou douloureuse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les g\u00e9nisses fra\u00eechement v\u00eal\u00e9es sont aussi plus expos\u00e9es aux l\u00e9sions douloureuses du trayon et deviennent difficiles \u00e0 traire en cas de dermatite, \u0153d\u00e8me ou l\u00e9sions mammaires .<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>7. Mini check-list Rumexperts<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Avant v\u00ealage<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2610 Logettes apprises<br \/>\n\u2610 Salle de traite\/robot visit\u00e9<br \/>\n\u2610 Sols connus<br \/>\n\u2610 G\u00e9nisses regroup\u00e9es par gabarit<br \/>\n\u2610 \u00c9tat corporel correct, pas trop grasses<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jour d\u2019introduction<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2610 Introduction par 2\u20135<br \/>\n\u2610 Apr\u00e8s-midi\/soir\u00e9e<br \/>\n\u2610 Ration fra\u00eeche disponible<br \/>\n\u2610 Eau accessible<br \/>\n\u2610 Sol sec\/non glissant<br \/>\n\u2610 Pas de cul-de-sac<\/p>\n<p><strong>Apr\u00e8s introduction<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2610 Observation app\u00e9tit\/couchage 10 jours<br \/>\n\u2610 Locomotion 1\u00d7\/semaine pendant 1 mois<br \/>\n\u2610 Contr\u00f4le trayons\/mamelle<br \/>\n\u2610 Surveillance robot\/temps d\u2019attente<br \/>\n\u2610 R\u00e9action rapide si boiterie ou isolement<\/p>\n<h2><em>8. Bibliographie\u00a0<\/em><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>AHDB, 2023.<\/strong> <em>Successful heifer transition into the milking herd<\/em>. Recommandations pratiques : lot primipares, introduction en p\u00e9riode calme, petits groupes. (<a title=\"Successful heifer transition into the milking herd - AHDB\" href=\"https:\/\/ahdb.org.uk\/news\/successful-heifer-transition-into-the-milking-herd?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ahdb.org.uk<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Journal of Dairy Science, 2023.<\/strong> <em>Invited review: Prevalence, risk factors, treatment, and barriers to best practice adoption for lameness and injuries in dairy cattle<\/em>. Revue sur boiteries, l\u00e9sions, sols, logement et pr\u00e9vention. (<a title=\"Invited review: Prevalence, risk factors, treatment, and barriers to ...\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0022030223012055?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ScienceDirect<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Animal, 2024.<\/strong> <em>Social interactions of dairy cows and their association with milk yield, health and welfare<\/em>. Revue sur instabilit\u00e9 sociale, m\u00e9lange de lots et densit\u00e9. (<a title=\"Social interactions of dairy cows and their association with milk yield ...\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0168159124002338?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">ScienceDirect<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><strong>UW-Madison Extension, 2025.<\/strong> <em>Lameness Risk Landscape<\/em>. Fiche technique sur logement, surfaces de marche, propret\u00e9 et pr\u00e9vention des boiteries. (<a title=\"Lameness Risk Landscape - dairy.extension.wisc.edu\" href=\"https:\/\/dairy.extension.wisc.edu\/files\/2025\/05\/Lameness-Risk-Landscape.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Dairy<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Animals, 2023.<\/strong> <em>Contact with mature cows and access to pasture during early life shape dairy heifer behaviour at integration into the milking herd<\/em>. \u00c9tude sur socialisation pr\u00e9coce et adaptation des g\u00e9nisses. (<a title=\"Contact with Mature Cows and Access to Pasture during Early Life Shape ...\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10339967\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">PMC<\/a>)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Message cl\u00e9 :<\/strong> la meilleure pr\u00e9vention est de <strong>s\u00e9parer l\u2019apprentissage de l\u2019entr\u00e9e en lactation<\/strong>. Une primipare entra\u00een\u00e9e, introduite calmement, avec acc\u00e8s facile \u00e0 l\u2019eau, \u00e0 la ration et au couchage, co\u00fbte beaucoup moins cher qu\u2019une primipare boiteuse, domin\u00e9e ou sous-ing\u00e9r\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 valider avec le v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire d\u2019\u00e9levage et\/ou un conseiller b\u00e2timent : un audit \u201csols \u2013 circulation \u2013 logettes \u2013 lot frais \u2013 primipares\u201d permet souvent d\u2019identifier rapidement les points \u00e0 corriger.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":3844,"template":"","keyword":[],"theme":[],"class_list":["post-3839","training","type-training","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/training\/3839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/training"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/training"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/keyword?post=3839"},{"taxonomy":"theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rumexperts.vet\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/theme?post=3839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}